/* =============================================================================
   ibarron.dev — Design System
   css/style.css
   Single file. No frameworks. No build step.
   University of Rochester brand: navy #001E5F · yellow #FFD82B
   ============================================================================= */


/* =============================================================================
   1. Font Face — Inter Variable (self-hosted)
   ============================================================================= */

@font-face {
  font-family: 'Inter';
  src: url('../assets/fonts/inter-variable.woff2') format('woff2-variations');
  font-weight: 100 900;
  font-style: normal;
  font-display: swap;
}


/* =============================================================================
   2. Custom Properties — Design Tokens in :root
   ============================================================================= */

:root {
  /* --- Colors --- */
  --color-navy: #001E5F;
  --color-yellow: #FFD82B;
  --color-bright-lemon: #FFF601;
  --color-meliora-blue: #0045A0;
  --color-white: #FFFFFF;
  --color-dark-gray: #707070;
  --color-border: #E8E8E8;
  --color-butter: #FFFBF0;
  --color-light-gray: #F5F5F5;

  /* --- Spacing (multiples of 4px) --- */
  --spacing-xs: 4px;
  --spacing-sm: 8px;
  --spacing-md: 16px;
  --spacing-lg: 24px;
  --spacing-xl: 32px;
  --spacing-2xl: 48px;
  --spacing-3xl: 64px;

  /* --- Typography — 4 size tokens, 2 weights (400 regular, 700 bold) --- */
  --font-sans: 'Inter', system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif;
  --font-serif: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;
  --font-size-heading: clamp(1.5rem, 3vw, 3.5rem);
  --font-size-subheading: clamp(1.125rem, 2vw, 1.5rem);
  --font-size-body: clamp(1rem, 2vw, 1.125rem);
  --font-size-label: 0.875rem;

  /* --- Breakpoints (reference values — not usable in var() for @media) --- */
  --breakpoint-mobile: 640px;
  --breakpoint-nav: 768px;
  --breakpoint-desktop: 1024px;
}


/* =============================================================================
   3. CSS Reset / Base Styles
   ============================================================================= */

*,
*::before,
*::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  font-size: 16px;
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  background-color: var(--color-white);
  color: var(--color-navy);
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: var(--font-size-body);
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.7;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}

h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6,
p, ul, ol, li, figure, blockquote {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

ul, ol {
  list-style: none;
}

img, svg {
  display: block;
  max-width: 100%;
}

a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
}

button {
  background: none;
  border: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-family: inherit;
}


/* =============================================================================
   4. Skip Link (accessibility — first element on page)
   ============================================================================= */

.skip-link {
  position: absolute;
  top: var(--spacing-md);
  left: var(--spacing-md);
  z-index: 1000;
  transform: translateY(calc(-100% - var(--spacing-md)));
  padding: var(--spacing-sm) var(--spacing-md);
  background-color: var(--color-yellow);
  color: var(--color-navy);
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.4;
  border: 2px solid var(--color-navy);
  border-radius: 4px;
  transition: transform 0.2s ease;
}

.skip-link:focus {
  transform: translateY(0);
}

/* =============================================================================
   5. Typography Base Styles
   ============================================================================= */

/* H1 and H2 — Georgia serif, bold, fluid heading size */
h1,
h2 {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: var(--font-size-heading);
  line-height: 1.2;
  color: var(--color-navy);
}

/* H3, H4, H5 — Inter sans-serif, bold, fluid subheading size */
h3,
h4,
h5 {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: var(--font-size-subheading);
  line-height: 1.3;
  color: var(--color-navy);
}

h6 {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: var(--font-size-label);
  line-height: 1.4;
  color: var(--color-navy);
}

p {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: var(--font-size-body);
  line-height: 1.7;
  color: inherit;
}

/* Eyebrow label — section headings, muted uppercase */
.eyebrow {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: var(--font-size-label);
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  color: var(--color-dark-gray);
  line-height: 1.4;
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}


/* =============================================================================
   6. Layout Utilities
   ============================================================================= */

/* Centered container with consistent max-width and horizontal padding */
.container {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 1100px;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
  padding-left: var(--spacing-md);
  padding-right: var(--spacing-md);
}

/* Two-column grid (desktop) */
.grid-2 {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: var(--spacing-xl);
}

/* Three-column grid (desktop) */
.grid-3 {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: var(--spacing-lg);
}

/* Section vertical rhythm */
.section {
  padding-top: var(--spacing-3xl);
  padding-bottom: var(--spacing-3xl);
}

/* Section with butter background */
.section--butter {
  background-color: var(--color-butter);
}

/* Section with navy background */
.section--navy {
  background-color: var(--color-navy);
  color: var(--color-white);
}

/* Section with navy background — override heading/paragraph colors */
.section--navy h1,
.section--navy h2,
.section--navy h3,
.section--navy h4,
.section--navy h5,
.section--navy p {
  color: var(--color-white);
}

/* Eyebrow on navy background — yellow for visual hierarchy */
.section--navy .eyebrow {
  color: var(--color-yellow);
}

/* Spacious section — increased vertical padding for home page */
.section--spacious {
  padding-top: 100px;
  padding-bottom: 100px;
}

/* Spacing utilities (margin-top) */
.mt-sm { margin-top: var(--spacing-sm); }
.mt-md { margin-top: var(--spacing-md); }
.mt-lg { margin-top: var(--spacing-lg); }
.mt-xl { margin-top: var(--spacing-xl); }

/* Spacing utilities (margin-bottom) */
.mb-0 { margin-bottom: 0; }
.mb-sm { margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm); }
.mb-md { margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md); }
.mb-lg { margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg); }
.mb-xl { margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl); }

/* Text block — constrained width for readable paragraphs */
.text-block {
  max-width: 720px;
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
}

/* Callout — blue banner for emphasized notes */
.callout {
  margin-top: var(--spacing-lg);
  margin-bottom: 0;
  padding: var(--spacing-md);
  background-color: var(--color-meliora-blue);
  color: var(--color-yellow);
  border-radius: 4px;
  font-weight: 500;
}

/* Tall hero variant for home page */
.hero--tall {
  min-height: 60vh;
}


/* =============================================================================
    7. Navigation Component
   ============================================================================= */

.nav {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  background-color: var(--color-white);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border);
  z-index: 100;
}

.nav__inner {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  height: 64px;
  max-width: 1100px;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
  padding-left: var(--spacing-md);
  padding-right: var(--spacing-md);
}

/* Brand / site name */
.nav__brand {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: var(--font-size-subheading);
  color: var(--color-navy);
  text-decoration: none;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.nav__brand:hover {
  color: var(--color-meliora-blue);
  transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

/* Nav links list (desktop) */
.nav__menu {
  display: flex;
}

.nav__links {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--spacing-md);
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

.nav__link {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: var(--font-size-label);
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--color-navy);
  text-decoration: none;
  padding: var(--spacing-xs) var(--spacing-sm);
  border-radius: 4px;
  transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.nav__link:hover {
  color: var(--color-meliora-blue);
}

/* Active page indicator */
.nav__link[aria-current="page"] {
  color: var(--color-navy);
  background-color: var(--color-yellow);
  padding: 4px 8px;
  border-radius: 3px;
  font-weight: 600;
}

/* Hamburger button — hidden on desktop, shown on mobile */
.nav__hamburger {
  display: none;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-between;
  width: 28px;
  height: 20px;
  background: none;
  border: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 0;
  color: var(--color-navy);
}

.nav__hamburger-line {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 2px;
  background-color: var(--color-navy);
  border-radius: 2px;
  transition: transform 0.2s ease, opacity 0.2s ease;
}

/* Hamburger open state — becomes × */
.nav--open .nav__hamburger-line:nth-child(1) {
  transform: translateY(9px) rotate(45deg);
}

.nav--open .nav__hamburger-line:nth-child(2) {
  opacity: 0;
}

.nav--open .nav__hamburger-line:nth-child(3) {
  transform: translateY(-9px) rotate(-45deg);
}


/* =============================================================================
   8. Footer Component
   ============================================================================= */

.footer {
  background-color: var(--color-navy);
  color: var(--color-white);
  padding: var(--spacing-xl) 0;
}

.footer__inner {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: var(--spacing-lg);
  max-width: 1100px;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
  padding-left: var(--spacing-md);
  padding-right: var(--spacing-md);
}

.footer__text {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: var(--font-size-body);
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--color-white);
  line-height: 1.7;
}

.footer__year {
  /* Populated by JS: new Date().getFullYear() */
}

.footer a {
  color: var(--color-white);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-underline-offset: 2px;
  transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.footer a:hover {
  color: var(--color-yellow);
}


/* =============================================================================
   9. Button Components
   ============================================================================= */

/* Base button — shared styles */
.btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: var(--font-size-body);
  padding: 0.75rem 1.75rem; /* 12px 28px — TYP-05 */
  border-radius: 8px;
  border: 2px solid transparent;
  cursor: pointer;
  text-decoration: none;
  min-height: 44px; /* RESP-06 touch target */
  transition: background-color 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

/* Primary button — navy fill */
.btn--primary {
  background-color: var(--color-navy);
  color: var(--color-white);
  border-color: var(--color-navy);
}

.btn--primary:hover {
  background-color: var(--color-meliora-blue);
  border-color: var(--color-meliora-blue);
}

/* Outline button — navy border on light background */
.btn--outline {
  background-color: transparent;
  color: var(--color-navy);
  border-color: var(--color-navy);
}

.btn--outline:hover {
  background-color: var(--color-navy);
  color: var(--color-white);
  border-color: var(--color-navy);
}

/* Outline white button — white border on navy background */
.btn--outline--white {
  background-color: transparent;
  color: var(--color-white);
  border-color: var(--color-white);
}

.btn--outline--white:hover {
  background-color: var(--color-white);
  color: var(--color-navy);
  border-color: var(--color-white);
}

/* Inverse primary button — yellow fill, navy text (for use on navy backgrounds) */
.btn--primary--inverse {
  background-color: var(--color-yellow);
  color: var(--color-navy);
  border-color: var(--color-yellow);
}

.btn--primary--inverse:hover {
  background-color: #e6c200;
  border-color: #e6c200;
  color: var(--color-navy);
}


/* =============================================================================
   10. Card Components
   ============================================================================= */

/* Base card */
.card {
  background-color: #B7D3FF; /* Wondrous Sky — UofR brand light blue */
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: var(--spacing-lg); /* 24px — TYP-08: 1.5rem */
  transition: box-shadow 0.2s ease, border-top-color 0.2s ease;
}

.card:hover {
  box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

/* Card links — visible underline so they don't blend with paragraph text */
.card a {
  color: var(--color-navy);
  font-weight: 700;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-underline-offset: 2px;
}

.card a:hover {
  color: var(--color-meliora-blue);
}

/* Publication card — flex container with two zones (content + PDF download) */
.card--publication {
  background-color: var(--color-white);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
  padding: 0; /* Override base .card padding for flex layout */
  display: flex;
  transition: box-shadow 0.2s ease;
}

.card--publication:hover {
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
}

/* Publication info link — 75% of card width */
.publication__link {
  flex: 3;
  padding: var(--spacing-lg);
  text-decoration: none;
  color: inherit;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
  transition: background-color 0.2s ease;
}

.publication__link:hover {
  background-color: #B7D3FF; /* Wondrous Sky — UofR brand light blue */
}

/* PDF download button — 25% of card width */
.publication__pdf-download {
  flex: 1;
  border-left: 1px solid var(--color-border);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--color-navy);
  transition: background-color 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.publication__pdf-download svg {
  width: 80px;
  height: 80px;
  stroke: currentColor;
  fill: none;
}

.publication__pdf-download:hover {
  background-color: var(--color-yellow);
  color: var(--color-navy);
}

/* Grant card — same pattern as publication card */
.card--grant {
  background-color: var(--color-white);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
  transition: background-color 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
}

.card--grant:hover {
  background-color: #B7D3FF;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
}

a.card--grant {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: inherit;
  display: block;
}

/* UR-inspired Card Grid and Cards */
.card-grid--ur {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: var(--spacing-lg);
}

/* Contact page card grid — centered with max-width */
.card-grid--ur-contact {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: var(--spacing-lg);
  max-width: 1000px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

@media (max-width: 1023px) {
  .card-grid--ur-contact {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
}

/* UR-inspired Card */
.card-ur {
  background-color: #f5f5f5;
  border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
  border-radius: 4px;
  padding: var(--spacing-lg);
  text-decoration: none;
  color: inherit;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  transition: background-color 0.3s ease;
  position: relative;
}

.card-ur:hover {
  background-color: var(--color-navy);
  color: var(--color-white);
}

/* Card icon container */
.card-ur__media {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: 4px;
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
  background-color: var(--color-light-gray);
}

.card-ur__media img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  transition: transform 0.3s ease, filter 0.3s ease;
}

.card-ur:hover .card-ur__media img {
  transform: scale(1.03);
  filter: saturate(1.05);
}

/* Card title */
.card-ur__title {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--color-navy);
  margin: 0 0 var(--spacing-md) 0;
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.card-ur:hover .card-ur__title {
  color: var(--color-white);
}

/* Card description */
.card-ur__description {
  font-size: var(--font-size-body);
  color: var(--color-navy);
  line-height: 1.6;
  margin: 0 0 var(--spacing-lg) 0;
  flex-grow: 1;
  transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.card-ur:hover .card-ur__description {
  color: var(--color-white);
}

/* Card call-to-action */
.card-ur__cta {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--spacing-xs);
  width: fit-content;
  color: var(--color-meliora-blue);
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.4;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-thickness: 2px;
  text-underline-offset: 4px;
  transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.card-ur__cta::after {
  content: "→";
  line-height: 1;
  transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.card-ur:hover .card-ur__cta {
  color: var(--color-yellow);
}

.card-ur:hover .card-ur__cta::after {
  transform: translateX(2px);
}

/* Contact card variant — no hover effect */
.card-ur--no-hover:hover {
  background-color: #f5f5f5 !important;
  color: inherit !important;
}

.card-ur--no-hover:hover .card-ur__title {
  color: var(--color-navy) !important;
}

.card-ur--no-hover:hover .card-ur__description {
  color: var(--color-navy) !important;
}

.card-ur--no-hover:hover .card-ur__cta {
  color: var(--color-meliora-blue) !important;
}

/* Responsive: 2 columns on tablet and desktop */
@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .card-grid--ur {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }
}

/* =============================================================================
    11. Tag Pills and Badges
    ============================================================================= */

/* Research interest tag */
.tag-pill {
  display: inline-block;
  background-color: var(--color-navy);
  color: var(--color-white);
  border-radius: 100px;
  padding: var(--spacing-sm) var(--spacing-md); /* 8px 16px */
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: var(--font-size-label);
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.2;
}

/* Year badge (compact) */
.badge--year {
  display: inline-block;
  background-color: var(--color-navy);
  color: var(--color-white);
  border-radius: 100px;
  padding: var(--spacing-xs) var(--spacing-md); /* 4px 12px */
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.2;
}

/* Semester badge (same as year) */
.badge--semester {
  display: inline-block;
  background-color: var(--color-navy);
  color: var(--color-white);
  border-radius: 100px;
  padding: var(--spacing-xs) var(--spacing-md); /* 4px 12px */
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.2;
}


/* =============================================================================
   12. Profile Photo
   ============================================================================= */

.profile-photo {
  width: clamp(120px, 30vw, 280px);
  height: clamp(120px, 30vw, 280px);
  aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
  border: 2px solid var(--color-yellow);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
  border-radius: 8px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  filter: grayscale(100%);
  -webkit-filter: grayscale(100%);
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center;
  transition: filter 0.2s ease;
}

.profile-photo:hover,
.profile-photo:focus {
  filter: grayscale(0%);
  -webkit-filter: grayscale(0%);
}

/* =============================================================================
    13. Tab Component (Phase 4 — Students Hub ARIA tab pattern, pill buttons)
    ============================================================================= */

/* --- ARIA role-based tab selectors (pill button style, STU-03, RESP-06) --- */

/* Tablist row — pill buttons, no underline separator */
[role="tablist"] {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: var(--spacing-md);
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0 0 var(--spacing-lg) 0;
  border-bottom: none;
}

/* Base tab button — pill shape, Inter bold, 44px min touch target */
[role="tab"] {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  flex: 0 1 auto;
  padding: 0.75rem 1.75rem; /* consistent with .btn sizing */
  min-height: 44px;         /* RESP-06: touch target accessibility */
  background-color: transparent;
  color: var(--color-navy);
  border: 2px solid transparent;
  border-radius: 20px;      /* pill shape */
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: var(--font-size-label);
  cursor: pointer;
  white-space: nowrap;
  transition: color 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease, background-color 0.2s ease;
}

/* Inactive tab hover — Meliora Blue text + matching border outline */
[role="tab"]:hover {
  color: var(--color-meliora-blue);
  border-color: var(--color-meliora-blue);
}

/* Active tab — navy fill, white text, pill shape */
[role="tab"][aria-selected="true"] {
  background-color: var(--color-navy);
  color: var(--color-white);
  border-color: var(--color-navy);
}

/* Active tab hover — don't change active tab on hover */
[role="tab"][aria-selected="true"]:hover {
  background-color: var(--color-navy);
  color: var(--color-white);
  border-color: var(--color-navy);
}

/* Focus state — visible outline (overrides global :focus-visible for tabs) */
[role="tab"]:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--color-meliora-blue);
  outline-offset: 2px;
}

/* Tab panel — white background, generous vertical padding */
[role="tabpanel"] {
  background-color: var(--color-white);
  padding: var(--spacing-3xl) 0;
}

/* Hidden panels removed from view (managed by hidden attribute + JS) */
[role="tabpanel"][hidden] {
  display: none;
}

/* --- Panel fade animation (used by Plan 02 JS tab switching) --- */

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  [role="tabpanel"][data-fade="out"] {
    opacity: 0;
    transition: opacity 0.2s ease-out;
  }

  [role="tabpanel"][data-fade="in"] {
    opacity: 1;
    transition: opacity 0.2s ease-in;
  }
}

/* --- Students Hub panel content spacing --- */

/* Heading inside panel */
[role="tabpanel"] h2 {
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
}

/* Paragraph spacing inside panels */
[role="tabpanel"] p {
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

/* List styling inside panels */
[role="tabpanel"] ul {
  list-style: disc;
  padding-left: var(--spacing-xl);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

[role="tabpanel"] ul li {
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}

/* Card spacing inside panels */
[role="tabpanel"] .card {
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
}


/* =============================================================================
   14. Focus Indicators (A11Y-01, NAV-05)
   ============================================================================= */

/* Global focus indicator — yellow outline */
:focus-visible {
  outline: 3px solid var(--color-yellow);
  outline-offset: 2px;
}

/* Focus on dark/navy backgrounds — white outline instead */
.nav__hamburger:focus-visible,
.footer :focus-visible,
.section--navy :focus-visible,
.btn--primary:focus-visible,
.btn--primary--inverse:focus-visible,
.btn--outline--white:focus-visible {
  outline: 3px solid var(--color-white);
  outline-offset: 2px;
}


/* =============================================================================
   15. Animation Keyframes (ANIM-01, ANIM-02)
   All animations MUST be wrapped in prefers-reduced-motion
   ============================================================================= */

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  @keyframes fadeInUp {
    from {
      opacity: 0;
      transform: translateY(20px);
    }
    to {
      opacity: 1;
      transform: translateY(0);
    }
  }

  /* Page-load fade-in + slide up */
  .animate-on-load {
    animation: fadeInUp 0.5s ease-out forwards;
  }

  /* Stagger delays per nth-child */
  .animate-on-load:nth-child(1) { animation-delay: 0s; }
  .animate-on-load:nth-child(2) { animation-delay: 0.1s; }
  .animate-on-load:nth-child(3) { animation-delay: 0.2s; }
  .animate-on-load:nth-child(4) { animation-delay: 0.3s; }
  .animate-on-load:nth-child(5) { animation-delay: 0.4s; }
  .animate-on-load:nth-child(6) { animation-delay: 0.5s; }
}

/* =============================================================================
    16. Responsive Breakpoints
   Mobile-first: starts single-column, expands at each breakpoint.
   Organized by breakpoint (not by component).
   ============================================================================= */

/* --- Mobile overrides: < 640px --- */
@media (max-width: 639px) {
  /* Hamburger nav visible on mobile */
  .nav__hamburger {
    display: flex;
  }

  /* Mobile menu hidden by default */
  .nav__menu {
    display: none;
    position: absolute;
    top: 64px;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    background-color: var(--color-white);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    padding: var(--spacing-md);
    z-index: 99;
  }

  /* Mobile menu open state (toggled by JS via .nav--open on .nav) */
  .nav--open .nav__menu {
    display: block;
  }

  .nav--open .nav__links {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: var(--spacing-sm);
  }

  /* Stack all grids on mobile */
  .grid-2,
  .grid-3 {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  /* Narrower section padding on mobile */
  .section {
    padding-top: var(--spacing-2xl);
    padding-bottom: var(--spacing-2xl);
  }

  /* Hero buttons stack on mobile */
  .hero__buttons {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
  }

  /* Spacious sections reduce padding on mobile */
  .section--spacious {
    padding-top: var(--spacing-3xl);
    padding-bottom: var(--spacing-3xl);
  }

  /* Contact details — single column on mobile */
  .contact-details {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: var(--spacing-xs);
  }

}

/* --- Tablet: 640px and above --- */
@media (min-width: 640px) {
  /* Two-column grid activates */
  .grid-2 {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }

  /* Footer becomes two-column */
  .footer__inner {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }
}

/* --- Nav breakpoint: 768px and above --- */
@media (min-width: 768px) {
  /* Show nav links, hide hamburger */
  .nav__menu {
    display: flex;
    position: static;
    background: none;
    border: none;
    padding: 0;
  }

  .nav__hamburger {
    display: none;
  }

  /* Reset nav links direction */
  .nav__links {
    flex-direction: row;
  }
}

/* =============================================================================
   17. Hero Component (Phase 2 — Home Page)
   ============================================================================= */

/* Hero grid — single column mobile/tablet, two-column at 1024px desktop */
.hero__grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: var(--spacing-xl);
  align-items: center;
}

/* --- Desktop: 1024px and above --- */
@media (min-width: 1024px) {
  /* Three-column grid activates */
  .grid-3 {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  }

  /* Container padding increase */
  .container {
    padding-left: var(--spacing-xl);
    padding-right: var(--spacing-xl);
  }

  /* Hero grid becomes two-column on desktop */
  .hero__grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  }
}

/* Hero text column */
.hero__text {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--spacing-md);
}

/* Hero lead paragraph — slightly larger */
.hero__lead {
  font-size: var(--font-size-subheading);
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

/* Hero button row — side-by-side desktop, stacked mobile */
.hero__buttons {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: var(--spacing-md);
  margin-top: var(--spacing-lg);
}

/* Hero photo column — centers the placeholder */
.hero__photo-col {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
}


/* =============================================================================
   18. Phase 3 — Content Page Components
   ============================================================================= */

.visual-hero {
  min-height: 35vh;
}

.visual-hero .container {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--spacing-2xl);
  text-align: center;
}

.visual-hero__title {
  margin: 0;
}

.visual-hero__image {
  width: clamp(430px, 46vw, 660px);
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  border: 2px solid var(--color-yellow);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.22);
}


/* --- 18b. Publication Card Sub-classes --- */

.publication__authors {
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
  font-size: var(--font-size-body);
  font-weight: 400;
}

.author-highlight {
  font-weight: 700;
  background-color: #f5f5f5;
  padding: 0 2px;
  border-radius: 2px;
}

.publication__title {
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.publication__details {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: var(--font-size-body);
  color: var(--color-dark-gray);
}

.publication__details em {
  font-style: italic;
}


/* --- 18c. Course Card --- */

.course__badges {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--spacing-sm);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: flex-start;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.badge--level {
  display: inline-block;
  background-color: var(--color-navy);
  color: var(--color-white);
  border-radius: 100px;
  padding: var(--spacing-xs) var(--spacing-md);
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.2;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

/* --- 18d. Course Media Card (side-by-side with media + yellow content) --- */

.course-media-card {
  display: flex;
  gap: 0;
  background-color: var(--color-white);
  border-radius: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: box-shadow 0.2s ease;
  animation: fadeInUp 0.6s ease-out;
}

.course-media-card:hover {
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
}

/* Media container — left side, holds image/video or SVG placeholder */
.course-media-card__media {
  flex: 1;
  min-height: 300px;
  background-color: #f5f5f5;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.course-media-card__media img,
.course-media-card__media video,
.course-media-card__media svg {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.course-media-card__media svg {
  width: 60%;
  height: auto;
  object-fit: contain;
}

.course-media-card__media img.course-diagram {
  width: min(82%, 420px);
  height: auto;
  object-fit: contain;
}

/* Content container — right side, yellow background */
.course-media-card__content {
  flex: 1;
  background-color: var(--color-yellow);
  padding: var(--spacing-2xl);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.course-media-card__content h3 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--color-navy);
  font-size: var(--font-size-subheading);
}

.course-media-card__content p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--color-navy);
  font-size: var(--font-size-body);
}

/* Responsive: stack vertically on tablet and below */
@media (max-width: 1023px) {
  .course-media-card {
    flex-direction: column;
  }

  .course-media-card__media {
    min-height: 250px;
  }

  .course-media-card__content {
    padding: var(--spacing-xl);
  }
}

@media (max-width: 767px) {
  .course-media-card__media {
    min-height: 200px;
  }

  .course-media-card__content {
    padding: var(--spacing-lg);
  }
}


/* Research page navigation — buttons to jump to sections */
.research-nav {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: var(--spacing-md);
  margin: 0;
}

.research-nav--centered {
  justify-content: center;
}

.research-interests {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: var(--spacing-md);
  margin: 0;
}

/* --- 18e. Contact Details --- */

.contact-details {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto 1fr;
  gap: var(--spacing-sm) var(--spacing-md);
  margin: var(--spacing-lg) 0;
}

.contact-details dt {
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--color-navy);
}

.contact-details dd {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--color-navy);
}

.contact-details a {
  color: var(--color-navy);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-underline-offset: 2px;
  transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.contact-details a:hover {
  color: var(--color-meliora-blue);
}

.contact-note {
  margin-top: var(--spacing-xl);
  padding-top: var(--spacing-lg);
  border-top: 2px solid var(--color-navy);
  font-size: var(--font-size-body);
  color: var(--color-navy);
}

.profile-links {
  list-style: none;
  margin: var(--spacing-lg) 0 0 0;
  padding: 0;
}

.profile-links li {
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

.profile-links li::before {
  content: '\25AA\00A0';
  color: var(--color-navy);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.profile-links a {
  color: var(--color-navy);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-weight: 700;
  transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.profile-links a:hover {
  color: var(--color-meliora-blue);
  text-decoration: underline;
}


/* =============================================================================
   19. Phase 04.1 — Students Hub Sidebar Layout
   ============================================================================= */

/* --- 19c. Sidebar Navigation --- */
.layout-1__wrapper {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 300px 1fr;
  scroll-margin-top: calc(64px + var(--spacing-md));
  gap: var(--spacing-2xl);
  align-items: start;
  margin-left: calc(-1 * var(--spacing-md));
  width: calc(100% + var(--spacing-md));
  padding-left: 0;
}

.layout-1__sidebar {
  position: sticky;
  top: calc(64px + var(--spacing-lg));
  overflow: hidden;
}

.sidebar-nav__list {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--spacing-xs);
}

.sidebar-nav__item {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  padding: var(--spacing-sm) var(--spacing-xs);
  margin-left: 0;
  border: none;
  border-left: 3px solid transparent;
  background: none;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: var(--font-size-body);
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--color-navy);
  text-align: left;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: background-color 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease;
  border-radius: 0 4px 4px 0;
}

.sidebar-nav__item:hover {
  background-color: rgba(0, 30, 95, 0.05);
}

.sidebar-nav__item[aria-selected="true"] {
  font-weight: 700;
  border-left-color: transparent;
  background-color: var(--color-bright-lemon);
  color: var(--color-meliora-blue);
  margin-left: -4px;
  padding-left: calc(var(--spacing-xs) + 4px);
}

.sidebar-nav__item:focus-visible {
  outline: 3px solid var(--color-meliora-blue);
  outline-offset: -2px;
}

/* Layout 1 panels (one visible at a time) */
.layout-1__panel {
  /* Panels are shown/hidden via hidden attribute in JS */
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

.layout-1__panel h2 {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: var(--font-size-heading);
  color: var(--color-navy);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.layout-1__panel h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: var(--font-size-subheading);
  color: var(--color-navy);
  margin-top: var(--spacing-xl);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.layout-1__panel h3:first-of-type {
  margin-top: 0;
}

.layout-1__panel p {
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.layout-1__panel ul {
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
  padding-left: var(--spacing-xl);
}

.layout-1__panel li {
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
  line-height: 1.6;
}


/* --- 19d. Layout 1 — Mobile select --- */
.layout-1__mobile-select-wrapper {
  display: none;
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.layout-1__select-label {
  display: block;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: var(--font-size-label);
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--color-navy);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xs);
}

.layout-1__select {
  width: 100%;
  padding: var(--spacing-sm) var(--spacing-md);
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: var(--font-size-body);
  color: var(--color-navy);
  border: 2px solid var(--color-navy);
  border-radius: 4px;
  background-color: var(--color-white, #fff);
  cursor: pointer;
}

.layout-1__select:focus-visible {
  outline: 3px solid var(--color-meliora-blue);
  outline-offset: 2px;
}

@media (max-width: 767px) {
  .layout-1__wrapper {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
  .layout-1__sidebar {
    display: none;
  }
  .layout-1__mobile-select-wrapper {
    display: block;
  }
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .layout-1__mobile-select-wrapper {
    display: none;
  }
}


/* =============================================================================
   20. Phase 06.5 — Impact & Outcomes Accordion
   ============================================================================= */

.outcomes-accordion {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.outcomes-accordion__item {
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
  border-radius: 4px;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.outcomes-accordion__header {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  width: 100%;
  padding: var(--spacing-md) var(--spacing-lg);
  margin: 0;
  border: none;
  background-color: var(--color-white);
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: var(--font-size-body);
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--color-navy);
  text-align: left;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: background-color 0.2s ease;
}

.outcomes-accordion__header:hover {
  background-color: rgba(0, 30, 95, 0.05);
}

.outcomes-accordion__header:focus-visible {
  outline: 3px solid var(--color-meliora-blue);
  outline-offset: -2px;
}

.outcomes-accordion__header::after {
  content: '▼';
  display: inline-block;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  color: var(--color-navy);
  transition: transform 0.2s ease;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  margin-left: var(--spacing-md);
}

.outcomes-accordion__header[aria-expanded="true"]::after {
  transform: rotate(180deg);
}

.outcomes-accordion__content {
  display: none;
  padding: var(--spacing-lg) var(--spacing-lg) var(--spacing-lg) var(--spacing-lg);
  background-color: rgba(255, 253, 240, 0.5);
}

.outcomes-accordion__header[aria-expanded="true"] + .outcomes-accordion__content {
  display: block;
  animation: slideDown 0.2s ease;
}

.outcomes-accordion__content p {
  margin: 0;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.outcomes-list {
  margin: var(--spacing-md) 0 0;
  padding-left: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.outcomes-list li {
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.outcomes-media-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: var(--spacing-lg);
  margin-top: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.outcomes-media-card {
  margin: var(--spacing-lg) 0 0;
  background-color: var(--color-white);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
  border-radius: 4px;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.outcomes-media-grid .outcomes-media-card {
  margin-top: 0;
}

.outcomes-media-card img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

.outcomes-media-card figcaption {
  padding: var(--spacing-md);
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--color-navy);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.outcomes-media-card--wide {
  max-width: 760px;
}

@media (min-width: 900px) {
  .outcomes-media-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }
}

@keyframes slideDown {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(-8px);
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
}

/* Reduce motion preference */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .outcomes-accordion__header {
    transition: none;
  }
  .outcomes-accordion__header::after {
    transition: none;
  }
  .outcomes-accordion__header[aria-expanded="true"] + .outcomes-accordion__content {
    animation: none;
  }
}